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  Most carmakers aim to turn the smart cockpit into an in-car iPad. However, BMW, which emphasizes driving pleasure, refuses to follow this trend when designing human-machine interaction for its smart cockpit. BMW believes high-tech should be "Shy Tech," serving people rather than being a mere stack of technologies. Thus, BMW's human-machine interaction in smart cockpits is driver-centric, guided by three principles: focus, reliability, and joy.     As a leading luxury car brand and pioneer in in-car interaction, BMW has been breaking conventions for over 20 years. From simplifying controls with the original iDrive knob, introducing head-up display (HUD) from aviation to automotive, to the latest smart cockpit, the newest generation of BMW Operating System has undergone nine iterations in two decades, reaching new heights in functionality and intelligence. This progress is the result of efforts by over 9,400 software experts globally.     In China, BMW has built its largest and most comprehensive R&D network outside Germany. It is also the only country outside Germany where BMW has established a Sky Lab interaction design team and user research lab. The latest generation BMW Operating System features 70% of its functions customized by local teams for the Chinese market. The next-generation BMW smart cockpit and operating system, set to debut globally at CES 2025, is the culmination of user research equivalent to interviewing three users daily for three consecutive years, with over 2,500 hours of in-depth one-on-one user experience interviews. The Chinese team has been deeply involved in developing the new-generation models, laying the groundwork for their production.    

People often say that halogen lights appear yellow, and should be replaced with the brightest LED headlights. But when you turn on these lights, the oncoming car might also turn on their high beams, and in the end, you’re the one who suffers. While LED lights are now standard on most high-end models, that doesn’t mean halogen and xenon lights have no merit. Before LEDs were invented, after all, it was these types of lights that ruled the automotive lighting world. Currently, there are three types of car lights on the market: halogen lights, xenon (HID) lights, and LED lights. To understand which type of light is better, it’s important to consider two aspects: color temperature and heat dissipation. The higher the color temperature, the more glaring and colder (bluer) the light, which can be uncomfortable or blinding to pedestrians and other drivers, causing temporary blindness.    Color temperature table The better the heat dissipation, the longer the light’s lifespan.     Halogen Lights Working Principle: Halogen gas, like iodine or bromine, is added to the bulb. At high temperatures, the sublimated tungsten filament reacts with the halogen gas, and the filament heats up to a white-hot state, producing light. When the tungsten cools, it re-solidifies on the filament, forming a balanced cycle that prevents the filament from breaking prematurely.   Halogen lights have a yellowish hue.  VW Tiguan Headlight   Advantages: Inexpensive, commonly installed on budget-friendly models. Low color temperature with a yellowish light color. Strong color rendering and penetration, performs well in rain or fog. Longer wavelength, which penetrates rain and fog better. Disadvantages: Low brightness, easily damaged, with an average lifespan of only 500 hours.         Xenon Lights (HID) Working Principle: A starter and electronic ballast raise the voltage above 23,000V, ionizing the xenon gas and forming an arc of light between two electrodes.       Advantages: Wide color temperature range (3000K-8000K), offering more options. High brightness and low power consumption. Fades out gradually when turned off. Disadvantages: Slow ignition, with a delay of 2-10 seconds. Large light emission area, with scattered light that requires a lens for focusing. Typically lasts around 3,000 hours.       LED Lights Working Principle: When current passes through the chip, electrons in the N-type semiconductor and holes in the P-type semiconductor collide intensely in the light-emitting layer, releasing photons and converting electrical energy to light. This is achieved through light-emitting diodes.     Advantages: High brightness, wide range of colors. Different voltages produce different colors. Low power consumption, fast response time, environmentally friendly. Generally lasts around 50,000 hours. Nearly all high-end models are now equipped with LED lights. Disadvantages: High cost and poor heat dissipation. Bulbs are placed at both ends, so lenses are needed to focus the light.   Summary   Lifespan: LED > Xenon > Halogen Price: LED > Xenon > Halogen Brightness: LED > Xenon > Halogen In general, entry-level models come with halogen lights, while high-end models have LED lights. If you want to upgrade from halogen to LED or xenon headlights, you can’t simply replace the bulbs without adding a lens. Overall, LED lights are gradually replacing halogen and xenon headlights, though these two types still have their own advantages. LEDs are great but costly, with a pair costing around a thousand yuan. Halogen lights may look a bit yellow, but they’re more friendly to pedestrians, and xenon lights, with their slow startup, won’t blind others suddenly. If you’re looking for truly dazzling headlights, then laser lights are the way to go.

  The Mercedes-Benz S400L Business Edition may not be very friendly for music enthusiasts. Why? Because before any upgrades, it only comes with a standard 9-speaker sound system, which leaves something to be desired in terms of audio quality. However, we can install either the "small Burmester" or "large Burmester" sound system to enhance the listening experience. Today, we're equipping this Mercedes-Benz S400L with a "small Burmester" audio system, similar to the higher-end models, with 15 speakers and a 710-watt amplifier.     The complete "small Burmester" sound system consists of 15 speakers, arranged as follows: two woofers are installed under the driver and passenger floor mats, four mid-range speakers and four tweeters are located in the four doors, and two surround speakers are placed on each side of the rear deck beneath the rear windshield. A center speaker is installed in the middle of the dashboard, and two additional tweeters are located in the headliner near the sunroof controls in the front. The amplifier is positioned on the left side of the trunk.     Upgrading to the Burmester sound system enhances the auditory experience, but if you also want to improve the visual ambiance inside the car, here are some simple options that can add to the atmosphere. First, you can install active ambient lighting; second, 4D rotating tweeters; third, illuminated mid-range speaker covers on all four doors; and fourth, a Burmester cover kit for the headliner. These features will make the interior more visually engaging and luxurious.     After installing the Burmester sound system on the Mercedes-Benz S400L, you can adjust the audio settings on the central control screen to enhance the sound experience. The Burmester system offers both Natural and 3D sound modes, along with an equalizer to customize the balance between left, right, front, and rear speakers. Additionally, a Burmester logo will appear on the screen, signifying the presence of this premium audio upgrade.